Influence of Geriatric Patients Food Preferences on the Selection of Discharge Destination

Abstract

Background: The nonprotein calorie/nitrogen (NPC/N) ratio of food remains poorly investigated. Thus, this study examined the nutritional factors that influence the choice of discharge destination for geriatric patients.

Methods: We retrospectively investigated the patient characteristics, clinical laboratory test results, and hospital food consumption of 65 geriatric patients (80.0 8.2 years; 31 males, 34 females), who were receiving oral nutritional support at a small mixed-care hospital and further explored their discharge destinations. The NPC/N ratios were calculated according to the menus for the meals provided during the first 4 weeks after admission. For logistic regression analysis, the objective variables were discharge destinations (i.e., nursing care facilities including home or medical institutions) whereas the predictor variables were age, sex, nursing care level, hospitalization duration, serum albumin level (Alb), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and NPC/N ratio.

Results: Compared with age and nursing care level, sex (partial regression coefficient (B) = -5.140, P = 0.002), hospitalization duration (B = 0.077, P = 0.004), Alb (B = 3.223, P = 0.013), eGFR (B = -0.071, P = 0.019), and NPC/N ratio (B = -0.224, P = 0.001) are significantly correlated with the selection of discharge destination.

Conclusions: For geriatric patients who went to medical institutions, the need for prolonged hospitalization, male sex, hospitalization duration, stable serum Alb, low eGFR, low NPC/N ratio (i.e., high protein proportion), and the quantity of hospital food consumed were the possible factors that influence their discharge destination.

J Clin Med Res. 2020;12(11):705-710
doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jocmr4337