Figure 1.. Pre-operative MRI.
| Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, ISSN 1918-3003 print, 1918-3011 online, Open Access |
| Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Med Res and Elmer Press Inc |
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Case Report
Volume 3, Number 2, April 2011, pages 85-92
Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumors in Adults: A Case Report and Treatment-Focused Review
Figures
Tables
| Author (year) (ref) | Age (yr)/Sex | Tumor Location | Immunostains | LMD | Diagnosis Confirmed | INI1 Analysis | Primary Treatment | Secondary Treatment | TTP (mos) | OS (mos) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LMD: leptomeningeal disease; Y: yes; N: no; Y, r: yes at recurrence; IHC: Immunohistochemistry; NA: not available; STR: subtotal resection; GTR: gross total resection; CT: chemotherapy; CRT: chemoradiation; RT: radiation therapy; CSRT: craniospinal radiation therapy; IT: intrathecal; Sx: surgery (extent unknown); n/a: not applicable; CK: cytokeratin; Vim: vimentin; EMA: epithelial membrane antigen; cGFAP: cytoplasmic glial fi brillary acid protein; SMA: smooth muscle actin; chrA: chromogranin A; NSE: neuron-specifi c enolase; alpha1ac/at: alpha-1 antichymotrypsin/antitrypsin; NF: neurofi bromin; ACNU: Nimustine; ICE: ifosphamide, carboplatin, etoposide; mtx: methotrexate; SRS: stereotactic radiosurgery; CDDP: Cisplatin; VP16: etoposide; IFN: interferon-gamma; Tmz: temozolomide; GKS: gamma-knife surgery; Vcr: vincristine. | ||||||||||
| Balaton (1987) [27] | 59M | Paravertebral | CK Vim | Y | IHC | N | None | n/a | n/a | 0.5 |
| Horn (1992) [9] | 21M | L temporal | EMA Vim | N | IHC | N | STR | STR CT | 48 | 72 |
| Cossu (1993) [26] | 18M | L frontal | CK EMA Vim | N | IHC | N | GTR CT | STR | 5 | 18 |
| Fisher (1996) [10] | 32M | L caudate | cGFAP S100 Vim | Y | IHC | N | None | n/a | n/a | 1 |
| Ashraf (1997) [11] | 34M | L parietal | Vim | N | IHC | N | STR RT | STR | 2 | 6 |
| Byram (1999) [12] | 35M | L temporal | NA | N | NA | NA | GTR RT | GTR | 36 | 60 |
| Sugita (1999) [34] | 27M | Pineal region | chrA EMA NSE S100 Vim | N | IHC | N | STR CRT ACNU | STR | 18 | 24 |
| Kuge (2000) [13] | 32F | Suprasellar | CK EMA SMA Vim | Y, r | IHC | N | STR | CSRT CDDP, VP16, IFN IT mtx | 1 | 8+ |
| Arrazola (2000) [14] | 20M | L parietal | CK EMA S100 Vim | N | IHC | N | GTR | GTR CSRT | 3 | 84 |
| Lutterbach (2001) [15] | 30F | Cerebellum | CK S100 Vim | N | IHC | N | GTR RT | SRS Tmz | 6 | 11 |
| Bruch (2001) [16] | 21F | Spinal cord | CK EMA Vim | N | IHC, 22qdel | N | NA | NA | NA | 6 |
| Bruch (2001) [16] | 34F | Parietal | CK EMA Vim | N | IHC, 22qdel | N | NA | NA | NA | 6 |
| Pimentel (2003) [17] | 31F | R parietal | EMA GFAP S100 Vim alpha1ac/at | Y | IHC | N | STR | CSRT ICE | 1 | 6 |
| Kachhara (2003) [19] | 35M | Thalamus | Vim | N | IHC | N | STR RT | - | 2 | NA |
| Kawaguchi (2004) [18] | 22M | L cerebellum | CK EMA NSE SMA Vim | Y | IHC | N | STR CSRT ICE IT mtx | - | n/a | 24+ |
| Raisanen (2005) [20] | 45M | R cerebellum | CK EMA S100 SMA Vim | N | IHC | Y | Sx CT RT | NA | NA | 15+ |
| Raisanen (2005) [20] | 20F | Sella | CK EMA SMA Vim | N | IHC | Y | Sx R CT | CT | NA | 28+ |
| Raisanen (2005) [20] | 31F | Sella | CK EMA Vim | N | IHC | Y | Sx RT | NA | NA | 9 |
| Erickson (2005) [21] | 20F | R occiput | EMA GFAP SMA Vim | N | IHC | Y | GTR | RT | NA | NA |
| Chen (2006) [28] | 19M | Post fossa | NA | NA | NA | NA | GTR | CSRT | 7 | 56.5 |
| Ingold (2006) [22] | 45F | Pineal | CK EMA SMA Vim | Y, r | IHC | Y | GTR CRT | GTR | 6 | 7 |
| Rezanko (2006) [23] | 27M | R frontal | EMA S100 Vim | Y, r | IHC | N | GTR RT | - | 4 | 4 |
| Chacko (2007) [29] | 23M | R frontal | EMA SMA Vim | N | IHC | Y | STR RT | GTR | 1 | 2 |
| Zarovnaya (2007) [24] | 43F | Spinal cord | EMA | Y, r | IHC | Y | STR RT | CSRT Tmz IFN | 2 | 30 |
| Makuria (2008) [30] | 23M | L temporal | CK EMA NF SMA Syn Vim | N | IHC | Y | Sx RT CT | - | n/a | 30+ |
| Makuria (2008) [30] | 25F | R frontal | NF SMA Syn Vim | N | IHC | Y | GTR | GTRx5 GKS RT | 24 | 204+ |
| Makuria (2008) [30] | 42M | R frontalparietal | CK EMA Vim | N | IHC | Y | STR RT CT | - | - | 18+ |
| Makuria (2008) [30] | 37M | R frontalparietal | Vim | N | IHC | Y | NA | NA | NA | |
| Arita (2008) [31] | 56F | Sella/cav sinus | EMA NF Vim | Y, r | IHC | Y | STR SRS | CSRT | 12 | 23 |
| Samaras (2009) [25] | 18M | R frontaltemporal | EMA GFAP SMA Vim | N | IHC | Y | GTR RT | - | - | 4 |
| Our patient | 33F | Pineal region | EMA SMA | N | IHC | Y | GTR CSRT ICE | Tmz + Vcr | 8 | 18+ |
| Author (year) (ref) | Age range at dx | n | First line Chemotherapy | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ara-C: cytarabine; AWD: alive with disease; Bx: biopsy; Carbo: carboplatin; Cis: cisplatin; CSRT: craniospinal radiation therapy; Cy: cyclophosphamide; DOC: dead of complications; DOD: dead of disease; EBRT: external beam radiation therapy; GTR: gross total resection; HC: hydrocortisione; Hydroxy: hydroxyurea; ICE: ifosphamide, carboplatin, etoposide; Ifos: ifosphamide; IT: intrathecal; Mtx: methotrexate; NED: no evidence of disease; Proc: procarbazine; STR: subtotal resection; Tmz: temozolomide; Vcr: vincristine; VP-16: etoposide. * One patient received this second-line. ** One patient only received second-line chemotherapy. | ||||
| Biegel (1990) [44] | 6 mos - 12 mos | 3 | Cy, VP-16, Cis, Vcr/Cis, Cy, Vcr, Mtx, CCNU/Vcr, BCNU, Proc, Hydroxy, Cis, Ara-C | DOD 3 - 5 mos |
| Agranovich (1992) [54] | 33 mos | 1 | Cis, Doxo | DOD 8 mos |
| Weinblatt (1992) [55] | - | 1 | Vcr, Act-D, Doxo, IT Mtx, IT Ara-C, IT HC | NED 5 + yrs |
| Hanna (1993) [56] | 8 mos - 6 yrs | 3 | Vcr, VP-16, Cis, Cy, Vcr, nitrogen mustard, IT Mtx/Ifos, VP-16, Carbo | DOD 6 - 15 mos |
| Olson (1995) [47] | 18 mos - 5 yrs | 3 | IRS III based (Vcr, Cis, Doxo, Cy, VP-16, Act-D, IT Mtx, IT Ara-C, IT HC) | NED 6 - 42 mos |
| Dang (2003) [57] | 4 wks - 25 mos | 3 | Vcr, Cy, Act-D, Doxo, Vcr, VP-16, Cis, Cy, Doxo, Ifos, IT thio/VP-16, Cis | DOD 5 mos - 1 year |
| Izychka-Swieszewska (2003) [58] | 5 mos | 8-in-1 (Vcr, CCNU, Proc, Hydroxy, Cis, Ara-C, Cy, MP) | DOD 8 mos | |
| Wharton (2003) [59] | 31 mos - 14 yrs | 3 | UKCCSG SIOP PNET (Vcr, VP-16, Carbo, Cy)/UKCCSG infant brain tumor protocol (Vcr, Carbo, Cy, Mtx, Cis) | DOD 11 mos AWD at 1 year NED 4 yrs |
| Zimmerman (2005) [60] | 14 mos - 11 yrs | 4 | DFCI/IRS III modified* (Vcr, Cis, Doxo, Dexraz, Cy, VP-16, Actino, Tmz, IT Mtx, IT Ara-C, IT HC) | NED 33 mos - 4 yrs |
| Chen (2006) [28] | 24 mos - 11.2 yrs | 11 | VIP (Vinb, Ifos, Cis), IT Mtx +/-, ACNU/ICE + CECAT (Cy, VP-16, Carbo, Thio) | DOD 7 - 24 mos AWD 15 - 17 mos NED 35 - 105 mos |
| Fidani (2009) [61] | 16 mos - 8.6 yrs | 8 | ICE + CECAT (Cy, VP-16, Carbo, Thio)/ICE/ICE+TMZ | DOD 8 - 13 mos AWD 5 - 38 mos NED 101 - 105 mos |
| Gardner (2008) [62] | 4 - 52 mos | 13 | HSI (Induction: Cis, VP-16, Cy, Vcr, Consolid: Carbo, Thio, VP-16, ASCR)/HS II (same as HS I plus Mtx in Induction) | DOD/DOC 0.5 - 11.5 mos NED 42 - 67 mos |
| Lassaletta (2009) [63] | 8 mos | ACNS 0121 (Vcr, Cy, Carbo, VP-16) and IT depot Ara-C | DOD 2 mos | |
| Biswas (2009) [64] | 6 years | GTR, CSRT, VAC (Vcr, Doxo, Cy) | NED 24 mos | |
| 6 years | STR, VAC | DOD < 2 mos | ||
| 5 years | STR, CSRT, VAC | AWD? | ||
| 18 mos | STR, ICE | DOD < 2 mos | ||
| Chi (2009) [45] | 4 mos - 8.4 yrs | 18 | GTR, CRT, modified IRS-III (Vcr, Dactino, Cy, Cis, Doxo, Tmz, IT Mtx, Ara-C, HC) | DOD/DOC 1 - 24 mos AWD 17 - 34 mos NED 18 - 40 mos |
| Ertan (2009) [65] | 8 mos - 8 yrs | 2 | ICE | DOD 4 - 5 mos |
| Wang (2009) [66] | 16 - 42 mos | Cis, Ifos, VP-16, IT ACNU/TMZ** | AWD 12 mos NED 59 mos | |