Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, ISSN 1918-3003 print, 1918-3011 online, Open Access
Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Med Res and Elmer Press Inc
Journal website https://www.jocmr.org

Original Article

Volume 12, Number 10, October 2020, pages 662-667


A Coronary Artery Calcium Score of Zero in Patients Who Have Undergone Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography Is Associated With Freedom From Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1. %CAD (a), number of VD (b), CACS (c) and Gensini score (d) in the CACS = 0 and CACS > 0 groups. CAD: coronary artery disease; number of VD: number of significantly stenosed coronary vessels; CACS: coronary artery calcium score.
Figure 2.
Figure 2. (a) %MACE in the CACS = 0 and CACS > 0 groups. (b) Kaplan-Meier curves for freedom from MACE in the CACS = 0 and CACS > 0 groups. MACE: major adverse cardiovascular events; CACS: coronary artery calcium score.

Tables

Table 1. Patient Characteristics and Medications in the CACS = 0 and CACS > 0 Groups
 
CACS = 0 group (n = 202)CACS > 0 group (n = 300)P value (CACS = 0 vs. CACS > 0
Continuous variables are expressed as mean ± SD. BMI: body mass index; VFA, visceral fat area; HTN: hypertension; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; DM: diabetes mellitus; HbA1c: hemoglobin A1c; FBG: fasting blood glucose; DL: dyslipidemia; TG: triglyceride; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; ARB/ACEI: angiotensin II receptor blocker/angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; CCB: calcium channel blocker; DPP-4I: dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor
Age, years62 ± 1269 ± 9< 0.0001
Gender (male), n (%)79 (39)171 (57)< 0.0001
Family history, n (%)49 (25)74 (25)0.917
Smoking, n (%)53 (26)124 (41)0.001
BMI, kg/m223.7 ± 3.524.2 ± 3.60.104
VFA, mm2116 ± 55115 ± 570.819
HTN, n (%)113 (56)236 (79)< 0.0001
  SBP, mm Hg131 ± 16139 ± 20< 0.0001
  DBP, mm Hg77 ± 1277 ± 120.522
DM, n (%)32 (16)83 (28)0.002
  HbAlc, %5.8 ± 1.16.0 ± 1.20.059
  FBG, mg/dL106 ± 34111 ± 340.073
DL, n (%)112 (55)207 (69)0.002
  TG, mg/dL135 ± 84132 ± 880.689
  HDL-C, mg/dL57 ± 1653 ± 140.012
  LDL-C, mg/dL113 ± 32112 ± 300.585
Medications
  ARB/ACEI, n (%)57 (28)142 (47)< 0.0001
  CCB, n (%)63 (31)131 (44)0.005
  β-blocker, n (%)14 (6.9)35 (12)0.080
  Diuretic, n (%)14 (6.9)42 (14)0.136
  Statin, n (%)48 (24)133 (44)< 0.0001
  Sulfonylurea, n (%)9 (4.5)39 (13)0.001
  Biguanide, n (%)12 (5.9)25 (8.3)0.314
  DPP-4I, n (%)14 (6.9)43 (14)0.010
  Insulin, n (%)7 (3.5)11 (3.7)0.905

 

Table 2. Independent Predictors of MACE by a Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis
 
FactorsOR (95% CI)P value
MACE: major adverse cardiovascular events; OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; VFA: visceral fat area; HTN: hypertension; DM: diabetes mellitus; DL: dyslipidemia; CACS: coronary artery calcium score.
Age1.013 (0.977 - 1.049)0.488
Gender (male)2.091 (0.923 - 4.734)0.077
VFA1.001 (0.995 - 1.007)0.821
Smoking1.472 (0.710 - 3.053)0.299
Family history0.682 (0.287 - 1.623)0.387
HTN1.363 (0.609 - 3.052)0.451
DM0.973 (0.462 - 2.048)0.941
DL0.618 (0.309 - 1.236)0.173
CACS = 00.405 (0.170 - 0.965)0.041