Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, ISSN 1918-3003 print, 1918-3011 online, Open Access
Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Med Res and Elmer Press Inc
Journal website https://www.jocmr.org

Original Article

Volume 12, Number 11, November 2020, pages 699-704

Relationship Between Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Endoscopic Finding “Iodine-Unstained Streak”

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1. Findings of iodine chromoendoscopy (esophageal mucosa; non-carcinoma) (a) Normal. The normal esophageal mucosa changes its color uniformly to dark brown with iodine chromoendoscopy. (b) Iodine-unstained streak “slight”. There are thin longitudinal iodine-unstained streaks appearing slightly. (c) Iodine-unstained streak “clear”. There are thick radial iodine-unstained streaks appearing clearly.
Figure 2.
Figure 2. Endoscopic findings on lower esophagus of a GERD case. (a) Ordinary white light. There is neither redness nor erosion. It looks like the normal esophagus mucosa. (b) NBI. Few dark longitudinal areas were found. It is less visible than iodine. (c) Iodine chromoendoscopy. Clear iodine-unstained streaks were found. It is more visible than NBI. NBI: narrow band imaging; GERD: gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Tables

Table 1. The Backgrounds and the Endoscopic Findings of the Patients (Examination 1)
 
Iodine-unstained streak
Positive (n = 50)Negative (n = 104)
M: male; F: female; PPI: proton pump inhibitor; H2-RA: H2-receptor antagonist; LA: Los Angeles classification.
Mean age (years)65 (34 - 85)65.6 (41 - 85)
Sex (M/F)35/1560/44
Mean weight (kg)61.8 (42.8 - 98.6)59.7 (31.0 - 91.0)
Gastric secretion inhibitor (PPI/H2-RA/non)15/1/3434/6/64
Reflux esophagitis finding (LA: grade M ≤/grade N)24/2626/78

 

Table 2. Relationship Between the Progress of the GERD Symptom With Gastric Secretion Inhibitor and Each Factor (Examination 2)
 
GERD symptomUnivariate analysisMultivariate analysis
Improved (n = 34)Not improved (n = 13)PP
at-test. bChi-square test. cLogistic regression. M: male; F: female; GERD: gastroesophageal reflux disease; LA: Los Angeles classification.
Mean age (years)64.1 (34 - 81)59.8 (44 - 79)0.111a0.139c
Sex (M/F)20/149/40.739b0.469c
Mean weight (kg)58.9 (42.8 - 92.0)62.9 (44.0 - 88.0)0.859a0.184c
Reflux esophagitis findings (LA: grade M ≤/grade N)19/154/90.193b0.067c
Iodine-unstained streak (positive/negative)21/132/11< 0.01b< 0.01c