J Clin Med Res

Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, ISSN 1918-3003 print, 1918-3011 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Med Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website http://www.jocmr.org

Original Article

Volume 11, Number 10, October 2019, pages 676-681

Ezetimibe Monotherapy Reduces Serum Levels of Platelet-Activating Factor Acetylhydrolase in Patients With Dyslipidemia

Figure 1. Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase activity and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol efflux capacity. PAF-AH (a), HDL-PAF-AH (b), LDL-PAF-AH activity (c) and HDL-CEC (d) at baseline and after 16 weeks of treatment in all patients and in the MetS and non-MetS groups. PAF-AH: platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase; HDL-PAF-AH: high-density lipoprotein-associated PAF-AH; LDL-PAF-AH: low-density lipoprotein-associated PAF-AH; HDL-CEC: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol efflux capacity; MetS: metabolic syndrome. *P < 0.05.

**Table 1.** Patient Characteristics
	All (n = 42)	MetS (n = 22)	Non-MetS (n = 20)	P value (MetS vs. non-MetS)
MetS: metabolic syndrome; BMI: body mass index; HT: hypertension; DM: diabetes mellitus; CAD: coronary artery disease. P values showed comparison between MetS vs. non-MetS groups.
Age, years	61.0 ± 8.8	61.1 ± 9.8	60.9 ± 7.8	1.0
Male, n (%)	25 (59.5)	16 (72.7)	9 (45.0)	0.07
BMI, kg/m²	26.3 ± 3.4	27.0 ± 3.3	25.4 ± 3.3	0.1
HT, n (%)	36 (87.8)	18 (81.8)	18 (90.0)	0.2
DM, n (%)	24 (57.1)	17 (77.3)	7 (35.0)	0.006
CAD, n (%)	5 (11.9)	3 (13.6)	2 (10.0)	0.7

Table 1. Patient Characteristics

All (n = 42)

MetS (n = 22)

Non-MetS (n = 20)

P value (MetS vs. non-MetS)

MetS: metabolic syndrome; BMI: body mass index; HT: hypertension; DM: diabetes mellitus; CAD: coronary artery disease. P values showed comparison between MetS vs. non-MetS groups.

Age, years

61.0 ± 8.8

61.1 ± 9.8

60.9 ± 7.8

1.0

Male, n (%)

25 (59.5)

16 (72.7)

9 (45.0)

0.07

BMI, kg/m²

26.3 ± 3.4

27.0 ± 3.3

25.4 ± 3.3

0.1

HT, n (%)

36 (87.8)

18 (81.8)

18 (90.0)

0.2

DM, n (%)

24 (57.1)

17 (77.3)

7 (35.0)

0.006

CAD, n (%)

5 (11.9)

3 (13.6)

2 (10.0)

0.7

**Table 2.** Laboratory Data on Pre- and Post-Treatment With Ezetimibe for 16 Weeks
Valuables	All (n = 42)	MetS (n = 22)	Non-MetS (n = 20)	P value (MetS vs. non-MetS)
MetS: metabolic syndrome; WBC: white blood cell; hs-CRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; BUN: blood urea nitrogen; Cr: creatinine; AST: aspartate transaminase; ALT: alanine transaminase; T-chol: total cholesterol; TG: triglyceride; HDL-chol: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-chol: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; RLP-chol: remnant-like particles cholesterol. P values showed comparison between MetS vs. non-MetS groups. *P < 0.05 compared to same group between 0 week and 16 weeks.
0 week
WBC, /µL	5,552 ± 1,494	5,705 ± 1,383	4,850 (4,150 - 6,300)	0.2
hs-CRP, µg/dL	741 (294 - 1,350)	1,027 ± 882	969 ± 941	0.8
BUN, mg/dL	13.7 ± 3.3	13.8 ± 3.2	13.6 ± 3.5	0.8
Cr, mg/dL	0.78 (0.65 - 0.87)	0.79 (0.71 - 0.87)	0.74 (0.61 - 0.88)	0.5
AST, IU/L	23 (19 - 28)	23 (19 - 31)	23 (20 - 24)	0.5
ALT, IU/L	26 (18 - 38)	28 (19 - 47)	27.0 ± 14.5	0.3
T-chol, mg/dL	242 ± 33	249 ± 35	234 ± 29	0.2
TG, mg/dL	150 ± 68	178 ± 61	120 ± 64	0.004
HDL-chol, mg/dL	54.3 ± 12.6	52.6 ± 12.3	56.2 ± 13.1	0.4
LDL-chol, mg/dL	165 ± 29	171 ± 30	158 ± 26	0.1
RLP-chol, mg/dL	6.4 (4.4 - 7.8)	7.4 (6.8 - 9.1)	4.6 (3.7 - 5.5)	0.0002
Adiponectin, µg/mL	4.3 (2.3 - 5.7)	3.4 (2.0 - 5.6)	4.7 (3.5 - 7.7)	0.1
16 weeks
WBC, /µL	5,539 ± 1,335	5,621 ± 1,098	5,458 ± 1,563	0.7
hs-CRP, µg/dL	588 (349 - 1,070)	596 (296 - 1,200)	543 (360 - 1,070)	0.8
BUN, mg/dL	13.1 ± 3.3	12.8 ± 3.5*	13.5 ± 3.1	0.5
Cr, mg/dL	0.76 (0.64 - 0.88)	0.80 (0.70 - 0.93)	0.73 (0.60 - 0.86)	0.2
AST, IU/L	22 (18 - 28)	23 (19 - 36)	22 (18 - 25)	0.5
ALT, IU/L	24 (18 - 43)	29 (18 - 53)	24 (17 - 37)	0.2
T-chol, mg/dL	208 (191 - 223)*	213 ± 39*	210 ± 21*	0.7
TG, mg/dL	127 (113 - 144)	166 ± 51	118 (96 - 129)	0.01
HDL-chol, mg/dL	56.5 ± 13.5	54.9 ± 15.8	58.1 ± 10.9	0.5
LDL-chol, mg/dL	127 (113 - 144)*	134 ± 31*	132 ± 24*	0.8
RLP-chol, mg/dL	4.8 (4.0 - 6.9)*	6.5 ± 2.5*	4.5 ± 1.4	0.01
Adiponectin, µg/mL	4.6 (2.1 - 6.4)	2.6 (1.9 - 6.0)	4.9 (3.4 - 6.7)	0.2

Table 2. Laboratory Data on Pre- and Post-Treatment With Ezetimibe for 16 Weeks

Valuables

All (n = 42)

MetS (n = 22)

Non-MetS (n = 20)

P value (MetS vs. non-MetS)

MetS: metabolic syndrome; WBC: white blood cell; hs-CRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; BUN: blood urea nitrogen; Cr: creatinine; AST: aspartate transaminase; ALT: alanine transaminase; T-chol: total cholesterol; TG: triglyceride; HDL-chol: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-chol: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; RLP-chol: remnant-like particles cholesterol. P values showed comparison between MetS vs. non-MetS groups. *P < 0.05 compared to same group between 0 week and 16 weeks.

0 week

WBC, /µL

5,552 ± 1,494

5,705 ± 1,383

4,850 (4,150 - 6,300)

0.2

hs-CRP, µg/dL

741 (294 - 1,350)

1,027 ± 882

969 ± 941

0.8

BUN, mg/dL

13.7 ± 3.3

13.8 ± 3.2

13.6 ± 3.5

0.8

Cr, mg/dL

0.78 (0.65 - 0.87)

0.79 (0.71 - 0.87)

0.74 (0.61 - 0.88)

0.5

AST, IU/L

23 (19 - 28)

23 (19 - 31)

23 (20 - 24)

0.5

ALT, IU/L

26 (18 - 38)

28 (19 - 47)

27.0 ± 14.5

0.3

T-chol, mg/dL

242 ± 33

249 ± 35

234 ± 29

0.2

TG, mg/dL

150 ± 68

178 ± 61

120 ± 64

0.004

HDL-chol, mg/dL

54.3 ± 12.6

52.6 ± 12.3

56.2 ± 13.1

0.4

LDL-chol, mg/dL

165 ± 29

171 ± 30

158 ± 26

0.1

RLP-chol, mg/dL

6.4 (4.4 - 7.8)

7.4 (6.8 - 9.1)

4.6 (3.7 - 5.5)

0.0002

Adiponectin, µg/mL

4.3 (2.3 - 5.7)

3.4 (2.0 - 5.6)

4.7 (3.5 - 7.7)

0.1

16 weeks

WBC, /µL

5,539 ± 1,335

5,621 ± 1,098

5,458 ± 1,563

0.7

hs-CRP, µg/dL

588 (349 - 1,070)

596 (296 - 1,200)

543 (360 - 1,070)

0.8

BUN, mg/dL

13.1 ± 3.3

12.8 ± 3.5*

13.5 ± 3.1

0.5

Cr, mg/dL

0.76 (0.64 - 0.88)

0.80 (0.70 - 0.93)

0.73 (0.60 - 0.86)

0.2

AST, IU/L

22 (18 - 28)

23 (19 - 36)

22 (18 - 25)

0.5

ALT, IU/L

24 (18 - 43)

29 (18 - 53)

24 (17 - 37)

0.2

T-chol, mg/dL

208 (191 - 223)*

213 ± 39*

210 ± 21*

0.7

TG, mg/dL

127 (113 - 144)

166 ± 51

118 (96 - 129)

0.01

HDL-chol, mg/dL

56.5 ± 13.5

54.9 ± 15.8

58.1 ± 10.9

0.5

LDL-chol, mg/dL

127 (113 - 144)*

134 ± 31*

132 ± 24*

0.8

RLP-chol, mg/dL

4.8 (4.0 - 6.9)*

6.5 ± 2.5*

4.5 ± 1.4

0.01

Adiponectin, µg/mL

4.6 (2.1 - 6.4)

2.6 (1.9 - 6.0)

4.9 (3.4 - 6.7)

0.2