| Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, ISSN 1918-3003 print, 1918-3011 online, Open Access |
| Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Med Res and Elmer Press Inc |
| Journal website http://www.jocmr.org |
Original Article
Volume 11, Number 7, July 2019, pages 480-483
Retrospective Analysis of Septic Arthritis Caused by Intra-Articular Viscosupplementation and Steroid Injections in a Single Outpatient Center
Tables
| Demographics |
| Average age (years), 69.9 |
| Male, 8 (80%) |
| Female, 2 (20%) |
| Caucasian, 9 (90%) |
| Comorbidities |
| Hypertension, 4 (40%) |
| Diabetes mellitus, 2 (20%) |
| Chronic kidney disease, 1 (10%) |
| Number of intra-articular injections received prior to admission |
| 0 -1, 4 (40%) |
| 2 - 3, 4 (40%) |
| 4 - 5, 2 (20%) |
| Agent injected intra-articularly |
| Cortisone, 3 (30%) |
| Synvisc, 3 (30%) |
| Hyalagan, 1 (10%) |
| Euflexxa, 1 (10%) |
| Unknown, 2 (10%) |
| Incubation period (time in days from last intra-articular injection to initial symptoms) |
| 0 - 5, 3 (30%) |
| 6 - 11, 2 (20%) |
| 12 - 17, 1 (10%) |
| More than 17, 1 (10%) |
| Unknown, 3 (30%) |
| Clinical symptoms on presentation |
| Joint pain, 10 (100%) |
| Swelling, 10 (100%) |
| Decrease range of motion, 3 (30%) |
| Fever (> 100.5 F), 2 (20%) |
| Erythema, 1 (10%) |
| Patient number | ESR (mm in first h) | CRP reference value (0 - 0.74 mg/dL) | Appearance of synovial fluid | Fluid WBC count, reference value (0 - 1,000 cells/UL) | Crystals | Result of synovial fluid culture |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate; CRP: C-reactive protein; WBC: white blood cell. | ||||||
| 1 | 111 | 26 | Turbid, yellow | 39,850 | Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate | Streptococcus mitis/oralis |
| 2 | 60 | 2.99 | Cloudy, yellow | 97,250 | Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate | Streptococcus mitis/oralis/Actinomyces odontolyticus |
| 3 | 44 | 20 | Turbid, red | 42,451 | - | Streptococcus mitis/oralis/ Streptococcus gordonii |
| 4 | 71 | 17.85 | Turbid, yellow | 11,933 | - | Cx was negative on the first admission, Gemella morbilliform on the second admission |
| 5 | 10 | 1.95 | Cloudy, yellow | 18,336 | - | No growth |
| 6 | 51 | 5.9 | Turbid, yellow | - | Urate | Abiotrophia defectiva |
| 7 | 9 | - | Cloudy, yellow | 19,000 | - | No growth |
| 8 | 36 | 12.22 | Turbid, orange | 50,000 | - | No growth |
| 9 | 76 | 14.6 | Cloudy, yellow | 98,901 | - | No growth |
| 10 | 58 | 1.9 | Turbid, red | 15,380 | - | Streptoccus gordonii |