J Clin Med Res

Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, ISSN 1918-3003 print, 1918-3011 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Med Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website http://www.jocmr.org

Short Communication

Volume 11, Number 3, March 2019, pages 219-224

Liraglutide Reduces Visceral and Intrahepatic Fat Without Significant Loss of Muscle Mass in Obese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Case Series

Figure 1. Changes of fat index and skeletal muscle index during the treatment with liraglutide (0.9 mg/day) in obese Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes. *P < 0.05 versus 0 week.

Figure 2. Changes of visceral fat volume, subcutaneous fat volume, and intrahepatic lipid content during the treatment with liraglutide (0.9 mg/day) in obese Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 versus 0 week.

**Table 1.** Clinical Characteristics and Changes Of Variables
Variable	Baseline (mean ± SD)	12 weeks (mean ± SD)	P vs. baseline	24 weeks (mean ± SD)	P vs. baseline
Age (years)	44.7 ± 12.2
Gender (men/women)	4/5
Glucose (mg/dL)	127 ± 22	101 ± 12	< 0.01	101 ± 14	< 0.05
Insulin (µU/mL)	11.7 ± 6.4	11.9 ± 5.1	NS	10.6 ± 5.2	NS
HOMA-IR	3.5 ± 1.6	2.9 ± 1.2	NS	2.7 ± 1.4	NS
TG (mg/dL)	162 ± 60	132 ± 57	NS	129 ± 42	< 0.05
HDL-C (mg/dL)	41.8 ± 4.5	40.9 ± 4.7	NS	43.1 ± 6.0	NS
LDL-C (mg/dL)	142 ± 27	136 ± 15	NS	135 ± 24	NS
HbA1c (%)	6.4 ± 0.9	5.2 ± 0.5	< 0.01	5.2 ± 0.5	< 0.01
BMI (kg/m²)	37.4 ± 6.4	35.8 ± 5.8	< 0.05	35.0 ± 5.3	< 0.05

Table 1. Clinical Characteristics and Changes Of Variables

Variable

Baseline (mean ± SD)

12 weeks (mean ± SD)

P vs. baseline

24 weeks (mean ± SD)

P vs. baseline

Age (years)

44.7 ± 12.2

Gender (men/women)

4/5

Glucose (mg/dL)

127 ± 22

101 ± 12

< 0.01

101 ± 14

< 0.05

Insulin (µU/mL)

11.7 ± 6.4

11.9 ± 5.1

10.6 ± 5.2

HOMA-IR

3.5 ± 1.6

2.9 ± 1.2

2.7 ± 1.4

TG (mg/dL)

162 ± 60

132 ± 57

129 ± 42

< 0.05

HDL-C (mg/dL)

41.8 ± 4.5

40.9 ± 4.7

43.1 ± 6.0

LDL-C (mg/dL)

142 ± 27

136 ± 15

135 ± 24

HbA1c (%)

6.4 ± 0.9

5.2 ± 0.5

< 0.01

5.2 ± 0.5

< 0.01

BMI (kg/m²)

37.4 ± 6.4

35.8 ± 5.8

< 0.05

35.0 ± 5.3

< 0.05

**Table 2.** Individual Changes of Body Fat and Skeletal Muscle Indices After Treatment With Liraglutide for 24 Weeks
Patient no.	Age	Sex	Baseline FI	FI at 24 weeks	Change from baseline (%)	Baseline SMI	SMI at 24 weeks	Change from baseline (%)	Baseline SMI/FI	SMI/FI at 24 weeks	Change from baseline (%)
1	31	M	14.1	12.6	-10.6	12.4	11.7	-5.6	0.88	0.93	5.6
2	57	F	13.7	12.7	-7.3	8.4	8.4	0	0.61	0.66	7.9
3	51	M	6.6	6.3	-4.5	8.8	8.6	-2.3	1.33	1.37	2.4
4	38	F	21.1	18.9	-10.4	10.5	10.1	-3.8	0.49	0.53	7.4
5	37	M	12.8	10.9	-14.8	10.6	10.1	-4.7	0.83	0.93	11.9
6	47	F	14.9	13.6	-8.7	8.8	9.1	3.4	0.59	0.67	13.3
7	42	F	11.9	12.4	4.2	7.2	7.4	2.8	0.61	0.6	-1.4
8	20	F	19.8	15.8	-20.2	10.1	9.1	-9.9	0.51	0.58	12.9
9	41	M	18.1	13.1	-27.6	10.1	9.9	-1.9	0.56	0.76	35.4

Table 2. Individual Changes of Body Fat and Skeletal Muscle Indices After Treatment With Liraglutide for 24 Weeks

Patient no.

Age

Sex

Baseline FI

FI at 24 weeks

Change from baseline (%)

Baseline SMI

SMI at 24 weeks

Change from baseline (%)

Baseline SMI/FI

SMI/FI at 24 weeks

Change from baseline (%)

14.1

12.6

-10.6

12.4

11.7

-5.6

0.88

0.93

5.6

13.7

12.7

-7.3

8.4

0.61

0.66

7.9

6.6

6.3

-4.5

8.8

8.6

-2.3

1.33

1.37

2.4

21.1

18.9

-10.4

10.5

10.1

-3.8

0.49

0.53

7.4

12.8

10.9

-14.8

10.6

10.1

-4.7

0.83

0.93

11.9

14.9

13.6

-8.7

8.8

9.1

3.4

0.59

0.67

13.3

11.9

12.4

4.2

7.2

7.4

2.8

0.61

0.6

-1.4

19.8

15.8

-20.2

10.1

9.1

-9.9

0.51

0.58

12.9

18.1

13.1

-27.6

10.1

9.9

-1.9

0.56

0.76

35.4

**Table 3.** Individual Changes of Abdominal Fat Volume and Intrahepatic Lipid Content
Patient no.	Age	Sex	Baseline VFV (cm³)	VFV at 24 weeks (cm³)	Change from baseline (%)	Baseline SFV (cm³)	SFV at 24 weeks (cm³)	Change from baseline (%)	Baseline IHL (%)	IHL at 24 weeks (%)	Change from baseline (%)
1	31	M	5,590	4,776	-14.6	15,266	14,442	-5.4	24.7	2.7	-88.9
2	57	F	4,675	4,038	-13.6	12,482	12,577	-0.7	33.6	12.9	-61.6
3	51	M	4,469	4,585	2.6	4,868	5,191	-6.6	28.5	26.1	-8.5
4	38	F	5,209	4,943	-5.1	17,085	16,713	2.2	23.6	11.3	-51.9
5	37	M	5,464	4,355	-20.3	9,013	13,518	49.9	17.1	9.6	-43.9
6	47	F	3,590	3,495	-26.4	17,819	17,985	0.9	23.9	13.4	-43.8
7	42	F	4,231	4,399	3.9	11,933	12,576	5.4	39.6	34.8	-12.2
8	20	F	3,783	2,448	-35.3	22,119	16,802	-24.1	62.4	9.5	-84.8
9	41	M	9,713	7,576	-22.1	16,433	13,817	-15.9	35.1	18.7	-46.7

Table 3. Individual Changes of Abdominal Fat Volume and Intrahepatic Lipid Content

Patient no.

Age

Sex

Baseline VFV (cm³)

VFV at 24 weeks (cm³)

Change from baseline (%)

Baseline SFV (cm³)

SFV at 24 weeks (cm³)

Change from baseline (%)

Baseline IHL (%)

IHL at 24 weeks (%)

Change from baseline (%)

5,590

4,776

-14.6

15,266

14,442

-5.4

24.7

2.7

-88.9

4,675

4,038

-13.6

12,482

12,577

-0.7

33.6

12.9

-61.6

4,469

4,585

2.6

4,868

5,191

-6.6

28.5

26.1

-8.5

5,209

4,943

-5.1

17,085

16,713

2.2

23.6

11.3

-51.9

5,464

4,355

-20.3

9,013

13,518

49.9

17.1

9.6

-43.9

3,590

3,495

-26.4

17,819

17,985

0.9

23.9

13.4

-43.8

4,231

4,399

3.9

11,933

12,576

5.4

39.6

34.8

-12.2

3,783

2,448

-35.3

22,119

16,802

-24.1

62.4

9.5

-84.8

9,713

7,576

-22.1

16,433

13,817

-15.9

35.1

18.7

-46.7