Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, ISSN 1918-3003 print, 1918-3011 online, Open Access
Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Med Res and Elmer Press Inc
Journal website http://www.jocmr.org

Review

Volume 10, Number 5, May 2018, pages 365-369

Exercise Therapy for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review

Table

Table 1. Beneficial Effects of Physical Activity Including Aerobic Exercise, Resistant Training and Non-Exercise Activity Thermogenesis [1, 2, 6-29, 32, 34]
 
1. Improvement of cardiorespiratory fitness [7]
2. Enhancement of muscle strength [6]
3. Reduction of body weight and amelioration of body composition (body fat ↓, visceral adipose tissue ↓, lean body mass ↑, waist circumference ↓) [14, 15, 20, 23-25, 28, 29, 32]
4. Improvement of insulin resistance [13, 28, 32]
5. Improvement of glucose metabolism (HbA1c ↓, fasting glucose ↓, prescribed anti-diabetic medication ↓, hyperglycemia, postprandial glycemia, average glucose concentration, measured by continuous glucose monitoring ↓) [11-18, 26]
6. Improvement of serum lipids (LDL-C ↓, triglyceride ↓, HDL-C ↑) [19-21, 23-28, 32]
7. Reduction of blood pressure [21, 26, 32]
8. Decrease of inflammatory cytokines (C-reactive protein ↓, interleukin-6 ↓) [22, 26]
9. Increase of adiponectin [24, 25]
10. Decrease of leptin (improvement of leptin resistance ) [22]
11. Prevention of type 2 diabetes [1, 2]
12. Reduction of risk of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular events [8-10]
13. Lower risk of diabetic microvascular complications [34]