J Clin Med Res

Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, ISSN 1918-3003 print, 1918-3011 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Med Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website http://www.jocmr.org

Original Article

Volume 9, Number 6, June 2017, pages 516-519

Does Syncope Predict Mortality in Patients With Acute Pulmonary Embolism? A Retrospective Review

**Table 1.** Results From Univariate Tests (Chi-Square/Fisher’s Exact Tests for Categorical Variables, t-Tests for Continuous Variables)
Variable	Total sample (n = 219)	No syncope (N = 204, 93.2%)	Syncope (N = 15, 6.8%)	P-value
Statistically significant. *Variables included in stepwise multivariable logistic regression (P-value less than 0.20 on univariate tests).
Age, mean (SD)	64.2 (15.1)	64.5 (14.9)	60.5 (18.0)	0.4802
BMI, mean (SD)	32.1 (9.8)	32.1 (9.8)	31.8 (10.3)	0.9151
LOS, mean (SD)	6.4 (5.2)	6.4 (5.3)	6.7 (5.6)	0.7830
Male, n (%)	120 (54.8)	112 (54.9)	8 (43.3)	0.9062
Obesity	106 (48.4)	101 (49.5)	5 (33.3)	0.2263
COPD**	33 (15.1)	28 (13.7)	5 (33.3)	0.0560
CAD	39 (17.9)	37 (18.2)	2 (13.3)	0.9999
CHF	34 (15.5)	33 (16.2)	1 (6.7)	0.4764
Hypotension**	19 (8.7)	15 (7.4)	4 (26.7)	0.0300*
DM	58 (26.5)	53 (26.0)	5 (33.3)	0.5497
CKD	19 (8.7)	17 (8.3)	2 (13.3)	0.6256
Prior DVT/PE	54 (24.7)	49 (24.0)	5 (33.3)	0.5339
Immobility	58 (26.5)	54 (26.5)	4 (26.7)	0.9867
30-day mortality**	18 (8.3)	15 (7.4)	3 (21.4)	0.0966
Central PE	89 (42.0)	85 (43.2)	4 (26.7)	0.2125
Malignancy	70 (32.0)	63 (30.9)	7 (46.7)	0.2523
D dimer	88 (57.6)	84 (58.3)	4 (44.4)	0.4961
RV dysfunction	81 (48.8)	76 (49.0)	5 (45.5)	0.8186
Leg swelling	43 (19.6)	40 (19.6)	3 (20.0)	0.9706
Calf tenderness	33 (15.2)	32 (15.8)	1 (6.7)	0.3397
HR > 100	77 (35.3)	72 (35.4)	5 (33.3)	0.9999
Chest pain**	84 (38.4)	81 (39.7)	3 (20.0)	0.1298
Shortness of breath**	159 (72.6)	153 (75.0)	6 (40.0)	0.0062*
Elevated troponin**	59 (29.1)	53 (27.9)	6 (46.2)	0.2057
Hemoptysis**	8 (3.7)	6 (2.9)	2 (13.3)	0.0966

Table 1. Results From Univariate Tests (Chi-Square/Fisher’s Exact Tests for Categorical Variables, t-Tests for Continuous Variables)

Variable

Total sample (n = 219)

No syncope (N = 204, 93.2%)

Syncope (N = 15, 6.8%)

P-value

*Statistically significant. **Variables included in stepwise multivariable logistic regression (P-value less than 0.20 on univariate tests).

Age, mean (SD)

64.2 (15.1)

64.5 (14.9)

60.5 (18.0)

0.4802

BMI, mean (SD)

32.1 (9.8)

31.8 (10.3)

0.9151

LOS, mean (SD)

6.4 (5.2)

6.4 (5.3)

6.7 (5.6)

0.7830

Male, n (%)

120 (54.8)

112 (54.9)

8 (43.3)

0.9062

Obesity

106 (48.4)

101 (49.5)

5 (33.3)

0.2263

COPD**

33 (15.1)

28 (13.7)

5 (33.3)

0.0560

CAD

39 (17.9)

37 (18.2)

2 (13.3)

0.9999

CHF

34 (15.5)

33 (16.2)

1 (6.7)

0.4764

Hypotension**

19 (8.7)

15 (7.4)

4 (26.7)

0.0300*

58 (26.5)

53 (26.0)

5 (33.3)

0.5497

CKD

19 (8.7)

17 (8.3)

2 (13.3)

0.6256

Prior DVT/PE

54 (24.7)

49 (24.0)

5 (33.3)

0.5339

Immobility

58 (26.5)

54 (26.5)

4 (26.7)

0.9867

30-day mortality**

18 (8.3)

15 (7.4)

3 (21.4)

0.0966

Central PE

89 (42.0)

85 (43.2)

4 (26.7)

0.2125

Malignancy

70 (32.0)

63 (30.9)

7 (46.7)

0.2523

D dimer

88 (57.6)

84 (58.3)

4 (44.4)

0.4961

RV dysfunction

81 (48.8)

76 (49.0)

5 (45.5)

0.8186

Leg swelling

43 (19.6)

40 (19.6)

3 (20.0)

0.9706

Calf tenderness

33 (15.2)

32 (15.8)

1 (6.7)

0.3397

HR > 100

77 (35.3)

72 (35.4)

5 (33.3)

0.9999

Chest pain**

84 (38.4)

81 (39.7)

3 (20.0)

0.1298

Shortness of breath**

159 (72.6)

153 (75.0)

6 (40.0)

0.0062*

Elevated troponin**

59 (29.1)

53 (27.9)

6 (46.2)

0.2057

Hemoptysis**

8 (3.7)

6 (2.9)

2 (13.3)

0.0966

**Table 2.** Results of Logistic Regression
Variables	Odds ratio (unadjusted)	95% CI (unadjusted)	P	Odds ratio (adjusted)	95% CI (adjusted)	P
Hypotension and shortness of breath were retained as independent predictors of syncope after stepwise selection.
COPD	3.143	1.000 - 9.878	0.0500
Hypotension	4.582	1.300 - 16.143	0.0178	5.231	1.382 - 19.794	0.0148
30-day mortality	3.436	0.864 - 13.668	0.0797
Chest pain	0.380	0.104 - 1.387	0.1430
Shortness of breath	0.222	0.075 - 0.655	0.0064	0.206	0.068 - 0.626	0.0054
Elevated troponin	2.216	0.712 - 6.897	0.1697
Hemoptysis	5.077	0.931 - 27.675	0.0604

Table 2. Results of Logistic Regression

Variables

Odds ratio (unadjusted)

95% CI (unadjusted)

Odds ratio (adjusted)

95% CI (adjusted)

Hypotension and shortness of breath were retained as independent predictors of syncope after stepwise selection.

COPD

3.143

1.000 - 9.878

0.0500

Hypotension

4.582

1.300 - 16.143

0.0178

5.231

1.382 - 19.794

0.0148

30-day mortality

3.436

0.864 - 13.668

0.0797

Chest pain

0.380

0.104 - 1.387

0.1430

Shortness of breath

0.222

0.075 - 0.655

0.0064

0.206

0.068 - 0.626

0.0054

Elevated troponin

2.216

0.712 - 6.897

0.1697

Hemoptysis

5.077

0.931 - 27.675

0.0604