J Clin Med Res

Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, ISSN 1918-3003 print, 1918-3011 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Med Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website http://www.jocmr.org

Original Article

Volume 6, Number 6, December 2014, pages 456-462

Magnesium Replacement Does Not Improve Insulin Resistance in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome: A 12-Week Randomized Double-Blind Study

**Table 1.** Baseline Characteristics of Mg and Placebo Groups
	Placebo (n = 37)	Magnesium (n = 35)
At baseline, there were no differences for any parameters between groups.
Age (years)	46.6 ± 12.3	44.6 ± 9.7
BMI (kg/m²)	35.1 ± 6.3	35.5 ± 8.2
Waist (cm)	107.5 ± 12.5	< 80
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	134 ± 17	134 ± 15
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	86 ± 10	85 ± 8
Glycemia (mg/dL)	99 ± 10	103 ± 15
HOMA-IR	3.31 ± 1.86	3.41 ± 2.03
Insulin (mU/L)	13.4 ± 6.4	14.5 ± 7.6
Cholesterol (mg/dL)	190 ± 46	203 ± 46
Triglycerides (mg/dL)	137 ± 61	136 ± 54
HDL-c (mg/dL)	43 ± 10	46 ± 10
LDL-c (mg/dL)	120 ± 39	129 ± 43
GGT (mg/dL)	44 ± 51	32 ± 19
PCR (mg/L)	6.7 ± 7.0	5.8 ± 5.3
SMg (mg/dL)	1.80 ± 0.22	1.79 ± 0.15
MMg (µg/mg)	0.89 ± 0.43	0.90 ± 0.40

Table 1. Baseline Characteristics of Mg and Placebo Groups

Placebo (n = 37)

Magnesium (n = 35)

At baseline, there were no differences for any parameters between groups.

Age (years)

46.6 ± 12.3

44.6 ± 9.7

BMI (kg/m²)

35.1 ± 6.3

35.5 ± 8.2

Waist (cm)

107.5 ± 12.5

< 80

Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)

134 ± 17

134 ± 15

Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)

86 ± 10

85 ± 8

Glycemia (mg/dL)

99 ± 10

103 ± 15

HOMA-IR

3.31 ± 1.86

3.41 ± 2.03

Insulin (mU/L)

13.4 ± 6.4

14.5 ± 7.6

Cholesterol (mg/dL)

190 ± 46

203 ± 46

Triglycerides (mg/dL)

137 ± 61

136 ± 54

HDL-c (mg/dL)

43 ± 10

46 ± 10

LDL-c (mg/dL)

120 ± 39

129 ± 43

GGT (mg/dL)

44 ± 51

32 ± 19

PCR (mg/L)

6.7 ± 7.0

5.8 ± 5.3

SMg (mg/dL)

1.80 ± 0.22

1.79 ± 0.15

MMg (µg/mg)

0.89 ± 0.43

0.90 ± 0.40

**Table 2.** Pre- and Post-Treatment Evaluation
	Magnesium group (n = 30)	Placebo group (n = 32)
Weight (kg)	84.6 ± 17.2	82.6 ± 17.7	0.001	89.1 ± 18.6	86.2 ± 19.6	0.018
BMI (kg/m²)	33.7 ± 6.7	32.8 ± 6.9	0.001	34.9 ± 6.1	34.2 ± 6.1	0.020
Waist (cm)	104 ± 12	101 ± 10	0.001	108 ± 12	106 ± 12	0.001
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	134 ± 12	124 ± 27	0.004	132 ± 17	128 ± 19	0.293
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	86 ± 7.6	82.9 ± 8.9	0.452	85 ± 10	83 ± 13	0.454
Glycemia	104 ± 16	102 ± 12	0.091	99 ± 11	100 ± 10	0.545
Insulin (mU/L)	12.3 ± 7.0	10.7 ± 6.3	0.240	14.4 ± 6.2	12.6 ± 6.5	0.134
HOMA-IR	3.2 ± 2.0	2.8 ± 1.9	0.368	3.6 ± 1.9	3.2 ± 1.8	0.337
Cholesterol (mg/dL)	204 ± 46	208 ± 38	0.471	192 ± 47	191 ± 42	0.940
HDL-c (mg/dL)	46.5 ± 9.0	46.3 ± 10.8	0.857	41.9 ± 10.2	41.4 ± 8.5	0.722
LDL-c (mg/dL)	127 ± 42	139 ± 38	0.238	120 ± 41	127 ± 41	0.173
Triglycerides (mg/dL)	127 ± 43	131 ± 41	0.579	144 ± 64	136 ± 73	0.431
Uric acid (mg/dL)	4.9 ± 1.0	4.9 ± 1.1	0.945	5.6 ± 1.5	5.5 ± 1.8	0.448
PCR (mg/L)	6.0 ± 5.3	6.1 ± 6.5	0.991	6.3 ± 7.9	5.3 ± 3.3	0.463
SMg (mg/dL)	1.82 ± 0.14	1.81 ± 0.16	0.877	1.87 ± 0.18	1.75 ± 0.21	0.073
MMg (µg/mg)	0.90 ± 0.40	1.21 ± 0.73	0.089	0.88 ± 0.37	0.86 ± 0.23	0.920

Table 2. Pre- and Post-Treatment Evaluation

Magnesium group (n = 30)

Placebo group (n = 32)

Before treatment

After treatment

P value

Before treatment

After treatment

P value

Weight (kg)

84.6 ± 17.2

82.6 ± 17.7

0.001

89.1 ± 18.6

86.2 ± 19.6

0.018

BMI (kg/m²)

33.7 ± 6.7

32.8 ± 6.9

0.001

34.9 ± 6.1

34.2 ± 6.1

0.020

Waist (cm)

104 ± 12

101 ± 10

0.001

108 ± 12

106 ± 12

0.001

Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)

134 ± 12

124 ± 27

0.004

132 ± 17

128 ± 19

0.293

Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)

86 ± 7.6

82.9 ± 8.9

0.452

85 ± 10

83 ± 13

0.454

Glycemia

104 ± 16

102 ± 12

0.091

99 ± 11

100 ± 10

0.545

Insulin (mU/L)

12.3 ± 7.0

10.7 ± 6.3

0.240

14.4 ± 6.2

12.6 ± 6.5

0.134

HOMA-IR

3.2 ± 2.0

2.8 ± 1.9

0.368

3.6 ± 1.9

3.2 ± 1.8

0.337

Cholesterol (mg/dL)

204 ± 46

208 ± 38

0.471

192 ± 47

191 ± 42

0.940

HDL-c (mg/dL)

46.5 ± 9.0

46.3 ± 10.8

0.857

41.9 ± 10.2

41.4 ± 8.5

0.722

LDL-c (mg/dL)

127 ± 42

139 ± 38

0.238

120 ± 41

127 ± 41

0.173

Triglycerides (mg/dL)

127 ± 43

131 ± 41

0.579

144 ± 64

136 ± 73

0.431

Uric acid (mg/dL)

4.9 ± 1.0

4.9 ± 1.1

0.945

5.6 ± 1.5

5.5 ± 1.8

0.448

PCR (mg/L)

6.0 ± 5.3

6.1 ± 6.5

0.991

6.3 ± 7.9

5.3 ± 3.3

0.463

SMg (mg/dL)

1.82 ± 0.14

1.81 ± 0.16

0.877

1.87 ± 0.18

1.75 ± 0.21

0.073

MMg (µg/mg)

0.90 ± 0.40

1.21 ± 0.73

0.089

0.88 ± 0.37

0.86 ± 0.23

0.920

**Table 3.** Means Changes After Treatment
	Magnesium	Placebo	P
Δ: means change from baseline to end point between the beginning and the end of study; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure.
Δ SBP (mm Hg)	-8.5 ± 27.8	-4.0 ± 19.7	0.498
Δ DBP (mm Hg)	-2.0 ± 9.3	-1.9 ± 13	0.964
Δ Fast blood glucose (mg/dL)	-2.0 ± 6.2	+0.9 ± 8.3	0.129
Δ Insulin	-1.7 ± 6.4	-1.6 ± 7.2	0.938
Δ HOMA-IR	-0.36 ± 2.10	-0.32 ± 1.80	0.928
Δ Triglycerides (mg/dL)	+3.6 ± 35	-8.1 ± 55.3	0.337
Δ HDL (mg/dL)	-0.17 ± 5.1	-0.50 ± 7.6	0.847

Table 3. Means Changes After Treatment

Magnesium

Placebo

Δ: means change from baseline to end point between the beginning and the end of study; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure.

Δ SBP (mm Hg)

-8.5 ± 27.8

-4.0 ± 19.7

0.498

Δ DBP (mm Hg)

-2.0 ± 9.3

-1.9 ± 13

0.964

Δ Fast blood glucose (mg/dL)

-2.0 ± 6.2

+0.9 ± 8.3

0.129

Δ Insulin

-1.7 ± 6.4

-1.6 ± 7.2

0.938

Δ HOMA-IR

-0.36 ± 2.10

-0.32 ± 1.80

0.928

Δ Triglycerides (mg/dL)

+3.6 ± 35

-8.1 ± 55.3

0.337

Δ HDL (mg/dL)

-0.17 ± 5.1

-0.50 ± 7.6

0.847