Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, ISSN 1918-3003 print, 1918-3011 online, Open Access
Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Med Res and Elmer Press Inc
Journal website http://www.jocmr.org

Original Article

Volume 5, Number 5, October 2013, pages 389-394


Antimicrobial Activity of Common Mouthwash Solutions on Multidrug-Resistance Bacterial Biofilms

Tables

Table 1. Active Ingredients and pH of Mouthwash Solutions
 
MouthwashActive ingredientspH
ACetylpyridinium chloride 0.05% w/w, sodium fluoride 0.05% w/w6.3
BSodium bicarbonate 2% w/v, sodium benzoate8.4
CChlorhxidine gluconate 0.2% w/v3.9
DPotassium aluminum sulphate 0.1%, Chlorhexidine gluconate 0.1% w/v, ethanol (96%) 10%, Menthol crystals 0.045%1.9
EChlorhexidine gluconate 0.2% w/v, ethanol 7.9%5.7
FChlorhexidine gluconate 0.2% w/v5.4
GHexetidine 0.1% w/v3.1
HPovidone -iodine 1% w/v2.5
IEucalyptol 0.092%, Menthol 0.042%, Methylsalicylate 0.060%, thymol 0.064%4.1

 

Table 2. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) Values for Tested Products Against Bacterial Strains in Both Their Planktonic, and Biofilm Forms
 
SpeciesProductABCDEFGHI
Values are presented as mean ± SD of 3 experiments.
E. coliPlanktonic1.3 ± 0.4633.3 ± 14.432.6 ± 0.9220.9 ± 7.167.3 ± 4.675.6 ± 8.5210.4 ± 3.5850.0 ± 0.0012.5 ± 0.00
Biofilm16.7 ± 7.1650.0 ± 0.00-41.7 ± 14.4350.0 ± 0.0016.7 ± 7.2214.6 ± 9.53-12.5 ± 0.00
S. aureusPlanktonic0.7 ± 0.2341.7 ± 14.4016.7 ± 7.2225.0 ± 0.001.3 ± 0.471.8 ± 1.222.3 ± 1.33-8.3 ± 3.61
Biofilm20.9 ± 7.1633.3 ± 14.4325.0 ± 0.0025 ± 0.0025.0 ± 0.0025.0 ± 0.0029.2 ± 19.09-50.0 ± 0.00
E. faecalisPlanktonic16.7 ± 7.1625.0 ± 0.000.6 ± 0.2033.3 ± 14.432.6 ± 0.922.4 ± 1.392.6 ± 0.9250.0 ± 0.0012.5 ± 10.83
Biofilm10.5 ± 3.7050.0 ± 0.0029.2 ± 19.0941.7 ± 14.4341.7 ± 14.4325.0 ± 0.0033.3 ± 14.43--
P. aeruginosaPlanktonic-33.3 ± 14.4333.3 ± 14.4333.3 ± 14.437.3 ± 4.768.3 ± 3.6150.0 ± 0.0050.0 ± 0.0020.8 ± 7.22
Biofilm50.0 ± 0.00-41.7 ± 14.4350.0 ± 0.0018.8 ± 10.8318.75 ± 10.850.0 ± 0.0050.0 ± 0.0033.3 ± 14.43
MRSAPlanktonic6.2 ± 0.0016.7 ± 7.221.9 ± 0.461.1 ± 0.463.2 ± 0.001.8 ± 1.221.1 ± 0.40-50.0 ± 0.00
Biofilm-33.3 ± 14.437.3 ± 4.778.3 ± 3.7016.7 ± 7.2241.7 ± 14.4316.7 ± 7.22--
S. epidermidisPlanktonic5.1 ± 1.8520.8 ± 7.220.6 ± 0.2016.7 ± 7.161.1 ± 0.461.6 ± 0.000.7 ± 0.2316.7 ± 7.22-
Biofilm6.2 ± 0.0025.0 ± 0.0029.2 ± 19.0941.7 ± 14.4325.0 ± 0.0050.0 ± 00029.1 ± 19.0941.7 ± 14.43-
A. baumanniiPlanktonic33.3 ± 14.4325.0 ± 21.651.1 ± 0.462.5 ± 0.811.6 ± 0.003.9 ± 3.424.2 ± 1.85-25.0 ± 0.00
Biofilm41.7 ± 14.4341.7 ± 14.4341.7 ± 14.438.3 ± 3.7050.0 ± 0.0050.0 ± 0.0041.7 ± 14.43--
P. mirabilisPlanktonic33.3 ± 14.4333.3 ± 14.431.6 ± 1.3925.0 ± 0.001.8 ± 1.221.8 ± 1.22-50.0 ± 0.0041.7 ± 14.43
Biofilm25.0 ± 0.0050.0 ± 0.00-41.7 ± 14.43-----
S. pyogrnesPlanktonic1.9 ± 1.2250.0 ± 0.0010.4 ± 3.612.5 ± 0.8141.7 ± 14.46.7 ± 7.632.9 ± 2.9925.0 ± 0.00-
Biofilm50.0 ± 0.00-33.3 ± 14.4325.1 ± 21.5933.3 ± 14.4325.0 ± 21.6527.1 ± 21.9323.3 ± 2.89-
K. pneumoniaePlanktonic-29.2 ± 19.092.1 ± 0.9233.3 ± 14.4312.5 ± 0.00-1.6 ± 1.3350.0 ± 0.0050.0 ± 0.00
Biofilm-50.0 ± 0.00-25.0 ± 0.0041.7 ± 14.43-50.0 ± 0.00--