J Clin Med Res

Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, ISSN 1918-3003 print, 1918-3011 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Med Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website http://www.jocmr.org

Original Article

Volume 8, Number 5, May 2016, pages 389-395

Diagnostic Value of Hook Wire Localization Technique for Non-Palpable Breast Lesions

**Table 1.** Distribution of Histopathological Results of Frozen and Permanent Incision
	Frozen	Permanent
Lymph node	1			1		1.2
Cyst				1		1.2
Intraductal papilloma	1	4		10		12
Mastitis	1			3		3.6
Stromal fibrosis	2			4		4.8
Lypogranulomatous infection	3			4		4.8
Adipose tissue	1			1		1.2
Ductal epithelial hyperplasia	11	6		21		25.3
Microcalcification	2	1		3		3.6
Ductal ectasia	4	1		8		9.6
Fibroadenoma	9			15		18
Apocrine metaplasia	8	1		11		13.2
Fibrocystic disease	4	2		8		9.6
Adenosis	5	4		13		15.6
Tubular carcinoma		1			1	1.2
Ductal carsinoma in situ		1	1		5	6
Invasive ductal carcinoma		1	4		8	9.6
Mix carcinoma (invasive + lobuler)			1		1	1.2
Total	52	22	6	103	15

Table 1. Distribution of Histopathological Results of Frozen and Permanent Incision

Frozen

Permanent

Benign

Suspicious

Malignant

Benign

Malignant

Lymph node

1.2

Cyst

1.2

Intraductal papilloma

Mastitis

3.6

Stromal fibrosis

4.8

Lypogranulomatous infection

4.8

Adipose tissue

1.2

Ductal epithelial hyperplasia

25.3

Microcalcification

3.6

Ductal ectasia

9.6

Fibroadenoma

Apocrine metaplasia

13.2

Fibrocystic disease

9.6

Adenosis

15.6

Tubular carcinoma

1.2

Ductal carsinoma in situ

Invasive ductal carcinoma

9.6

Mix carcinoma (invasive + lobuler)

1.2

Total

103

**Table 2.** Distribution of Pathological Results According to Age Groups
Age	Malignant	Benign	Total	P	OR (95% CI)
OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval.
< 35	0	0%	10	100%	10	100%	0.159	0.17 (0.00 - 3.24)
35 - 45	4	17.40%	19	82.60%	23	100%	0.998	0.93 (0.25 - 3.31)
45 - 55	5	14.70%	29	85.30%	34	100%	0.573	0.67 (0.27 - 2.81)
55 - 65	6	46.20%	7	53.80%	13	100%	0.01	5.81 (1.59 - 21.2)
65 - 75	0	0%	2	100%	2	100%	0.999	0.85 (0.03 - 18.8)
> 75	0	0%	1	100%	1	100%	0.999	1.45 (0.05 - 37.3)

Table 2. Distribution of Pathological Results According to Age Groups

Age

Malignant

Benign

Total

OR (95% CI)

OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval.

< 35

100%

0.159

0.17 (0.00 - 3.24)

35 - 45

17.40%

82.60%

100%

0.998

0.93 (0.25 - 3.31)

45 - 55

14.70%

85.30%

100%

0.573

0.67 (0.27 - 2.81)

55 - 65

46.20%

53.80%

100%

0.01

5.81 (1.59 - 21.2)

65 - 75

100%

0.999

0.85 (0.03 - 18.8)

> 75

100%

0.999

1.45 (0.05 - 37.3)

**Table 3.** Distribution of Pathological Results According to BI-RADS
BI-RADS	Malignant	Benign	Total	P	OR (95% CI)
OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; BI-RADS: Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System.
0	1	16.60%	5	83.40%	6	100%	0.999	0.9 (0.09 - 8.3)
3	0	0%	27	100%	27	100%	0.001	0.04 (0.00 - 0.84)
4	14	28.60%	35	71.40%	49	100%	0.002	13.2 (1.6 - 10.3)
5	0	0%	1	100%	1	100%	0.999	1.45 (0.05 - 9.38)
Total	15		68		83

Table 3. Distribution of Pathological Results According to BI-RADS

BI-RADS

Malignant

Benign

Total

OR (95% CI)

OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; BI-RADS: Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System.

16.60%

83.40%

100%

0.999

0.9 (0.09 - 8.3)

100%

0.001

0.04 (0.00 - 0.84)

28.60%

71.40%

100%

0.002

13.2 (1.6 - 10.3)

100%

0.999

1.45 (0.05 - 9.38)

Total

**Table 4.** Distribution of Pathological Results According to BI-RADS 4 Sub-Classes
BI-RADS	Malignant	Benign	Total	P	OR (95% CI)
OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; BI-RADS: Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System.
0	1	16.70%	5	83.30%	6	100%	0.999	0.9 (0.09 - 8.3)
3	0	0%	27	100%	27	100%	0.001	0.04 (0.00 - 0.84)
4a	0	0%	10	100%	10	100%	0.195	0.17 (0.0 - 3.24)
4b	6	37.50%	10	62.50%	16	100%	0.035	3.86 (1.12 - 13.2)
4c	8	34.80%	15	65.20%	23	100%	0.023	4.83 (1.25 - 12.9)
5	0	0%	1	100%	1	100%	0.999	1.45 (0.05 - 9.38)
Total	15		68		83

Table 4. Distribution of Pathological Results According to BI-RADS 4 Sub-Classes

BI-RADS

Malignant

Benign

Total

OR (95% CI)

OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; BI-RADS: Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System.

16.70%

83.30%

100%

0.999

0.9 (0.09 - 8.3)

100%

0.001

0.04 (0.00 - 0.84)

100%

0.195

0.17 (0.0 - 3.24)

37.50%

62.50%

100%

0.035

3.86 (1.12 - 13.2)

34.80%

65.20%

100%

0.023

4.83 (1.25 - 12.9)

100%

0.999

1.45 (0.05 - 9.38)

Total

**Table 5.** Analysis of Pathological Results of Mammography, Ultrasound, Frozen and Permanent Incision
Permanent	Sensitivity	Specificity	PPV	NPV	Accuracy	LR(+)	LR(-)
MMG: mammography; USG: ultrasonography; PPV: positive predictive value; NPV: negative predictive value; LR: likelihood ratio.
MMG	0.93	0.55	0.41	0.96	0.64	2.05	0.13
USG	1.00	0.73	0.13	1.00	0.74	3.71	0.00
Frozen	0.60	0.97	0.86	0.90	0.89	21.60	0.41

Table 5. Analysis of Pathological Results of Mammography, Ultrasound, Frozen and Permanent Incision

Permanent

Sensitivity

Specificity

PPV

NPV

Accuracy

LR(+)

LR(-)

MMG: mammography; USG: ultrasonography; PPV: positive predictive value; NPV: negative predictive value; LR: likelihood ratio.

MMG

0.93

0.55

0.41

0.96

0.64

2.05

0.13

USG

1.00

0.73

0.13

1.00

0.74

3.71

0.00

Frozen

0.60

0.97

0.86

0.90

0.89

21.60

0.41