Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, ISSN 1918-3003 print, 1918-3011 online, Open Access
Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Med Res and Elmer Press Inc
Journal website http://www.jocmr.org

Original Article

Volume 8, Number 5, May 2016, pages 410-419

Epicardial Adipose Tissue Thickness and Its Association With the Presence and Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in Clinical Setting: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1. EAT thickness is identified as the echo-free space between the outer wall of the myocardium and the visceral layer of pericardium in the PLAX view.
Figure 2.
Figure 2. Clinical diagnosis and distribution of patients.
Figure 3.
Figure 3. EAT thickness among cases with relation to sex (A) and age (B).
Figure 4.
Figure 4. Comparison of epicardial fat thickness between CAD and non-CAD and EAT with relation to clinical diagnosis.
Figure 5.
Figure 5. Clinical presentation with relation to their age.
Figure 6.
Figure 6. Epicardial adipose tissue thickness with relation to severity of CAD.
Figure 7.
Figure 7. Angiographic findings depending on multiple responses.
Figure 8.
Figure 8. Angiographic findings depending on multiple responses.
Figure 9.
Figure 9. The area under the curve on receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of epicardial fat thickness as the marker for diagnosis of CAD.

Tables

Table 1. Baseline Characteristics of Patients: Age and Sex Distribution
 
Age groupMale (n = 405)%Female (n = 144)%Total
20 - 30 years2465329
30 - 40 years5614332389
40 - 50 years118292920147
50 - 60 years136334632182
> 60 years71183122102

 

Table 2. Clinical Diagnosis and Distribution of Patients
 
DiagnosisNo. (n)Male (n)Female (n)%
CSA115952021
USA81443715
NSTEMI153955828
STEMI2001712936
Total549405144100

 

Table 3. Comparison of Presenting Symptoms Between CAD and Non-CAD Cases
 
DiagnosisCAD (n = 464)Non-CAD (n = 85)RR (95% CI)P-value
No.%No.%
RR: relative risk; CI: confidence interval.
CSA962019220.92 (0.71 - 1.18)0.51
USA31750590.89 (0.55 - 0.43)0.59
NSTEMI1372916190.97 (0.73 - 0.30)0.87
STEMI20044001.15 (0.91 - 0.44)0.25
Total46410085100

 

Table 4. Epicardial Adipose Tissue Thickness Among Cases With Relation to Age
 
Age groupEAT 2 mmEAT 3 - 4 mmEAT 4 - 5 mmEAT 5 - 6 mmEAT > 6 mm
20 - 30 years28964
30 - 40 years1721151818
40 - 50 years855423111
50 - 60 years243325649
> 60 years421242726
Total33148122138108

 

Table 5. Comparison of Epicardial Fat Thickness Between CAD and Non-CAD and EAT With Relation to Clinical Diagnosis
 
CategoryEpicardial fat thickness
CAD5.16 ± 1.06
Non-CAD4.23 ± 1.01
Unpaired t-test (P-value)0.003*

 

Table 6. Clinical Presentation With Relation to Their Age
 
Age groupLMCA (> 50%)LAD (> 70%)LCX (> 70%)RCA (> 70%)RI (> 70%)Non-obstructive CAD
20 - 30 years145152951
30 - 40 years83892234
40 - 50 years1056123177
50 - 60 years1249183368
> 60 years2473132376
Total55261671382826

 

Table 7. Epicardial Adipose Tissue Thickness With Relation to Severity of CAD
 
EATLMCALADLCXRCARINon-obstructive CAD
2 - 3 mm0841033
3 - 4 mm53771858
4 - 5 mm9441230910
5 - 6 mm1584194142
> 6 mm2688253973
Total55261671382826

 

Table 8. ROC Curve Analysis of Epicardial Fat Thickness as the Marker for Diagnosis of CAD
 
Area under the curve (AUC)0.07
95% CI of AUC0.58 - 0.82
P-value0.002*
Cut-off4.65
Sensitivity71.6%
Specificity73.1%