J Clin Med Res

Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, ISSN 1918-3003 print, 1918-3011 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Med Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website http://www.jocmr.org

Original Article

Volume 7, Number 2, February 2015, pages 103-108

Seroepidemiology of Hepatitis E Virus Infection in Mennonites in Mexico

**Table 1.** Distribution of HEV Infection Among Case-Control Pairs
Case	Control	Total	OR (95% CI)	P-value
0.5 has been added to each cell for calculations.
Exposed (HEV infection)	10	0	10
Unexposed (no HEV infection)	51	89	140
Total	61	89	150	0.009 (0.0006 - 0.15)	< 0.000001

Table 1. Distribution of HEV Infection Among Case-Control Pairs

Case

Control

Total

OR (95% CI)

P-value

Exposed (HEV infection)

Unexposed (no HEV infection)

0.5 has been added to each cell for calculations.

Exposed (HEV infection)

Unexposed (no HEV infection)

140

Total

150

0.009 (0.0006 - 0.15)

< 0.000001

**Table 2.** Socio-Demographic Characteristics of Mennonites and Seroprevalence of HEV Infection
Characteristic	No. of subjects tested^a	Prevalence of HEV infection	P value
^aSums may not add up to 150 because of missing values. ^bEmployee, factory worker, business, student, professional, other, none. ^cHousewife, student, none occupation.
Gender
Male	90	3	3.3	0.09
Female	60	7	11.7
Age groups (years)
30 or less	58	1	1.7	0.12
31 - 50	59	5	8.5
> 50	33	4	12.1
Birth place
Durango State	137	9	6.6	0.48
Other Mexican State or abroad	9	1	11.1
Residence place
Durango State	144	10	6.9	1
Abroad	3	0	0.0
Educational level
No education	14	0	0.0	0.54
1 - 6 years	116	9	7.8
7 or more years	17	1	5.9
Occupation
Laborer^b	95	4	4.2	0.09
Non-laborer^c	51	6	11.8
Socio-economic level
Low	18	2	11.1	0.36
Medium and high	126	8	6.3

Table 2. Socio-Demographic Characteristics of Mennonites and Seroprevalence of HEV Infection

Characteristic

No. of subjects tested^a

Prevalence of HEV infection

P value

No.

^aSums may not add up to 150 because of missing values. ^bEmployee, factory worker, business, student, professional, other, none. ^cHousewife, student, none occupation.

Gender

Male

3.3

0.09

Female

11.7

Age groups (years)

30 or less

1.7

0.12

31 - 50

8.5

> 50

12.1

Birth place

Durango State

137

6.6

0.48

Other Mexican State or abroad

11.1

Residence place

Durango State

144

6.9

Abroad

0.0

Educational level

No education

0.0

0.54

1 - 6 years

116

7.8

7 or more years

5.9

Occupation

Laborer^b

4.2

0.09

Non-laborer^c

11.8

Socio-economic level

Low

11.1

0.36

Medium and high

126

6.3

**Table 3.** Bivariate Analysis of a Selection of Behavioral Characteristics of Mennonites and HEV Infection
Characteristic	No. of subjects tested^a	Prevalence of HEV infection	P value
^aSums may not add up to 150 because of missing values. ^bRaising of any kind of animals.
Raising animals^b
Yes	124	8	6.5	0.64
No	22	2	9.1
Pork meat consumption
Yes	132	8	6.1	0.24
No	14	2	14.3
Beef consumption
Yes	141	9	6.4	0.3
No	5	1	20
Pigeon meat consumption
Yes	38	4	10.5	0.29
No	107	6	5.6
Duck meat consumption
Yes	31	3	9.7	0.44
No	114	7	6.1
Degree of meat cooking
Undercooked	8	1	12.5	0.44
Well done	136	9	6.6
Raw cow milk consumption
Yes	86	7	8.1	0.74
No	58	3	5.2
Sausages consumption
Yes	138	9	6.5	0.4
No	7	1	14.3
Ham consumption
Yes	132	8	6.1	0.22
No	13	2	15.4
Salami consumption
Yes	59	5	8.5	0.52
No	86	5	5.8
Unwashed raw fruits
Yes	31	0	0	0.11
No	113	10	8.8
Untreated water
Yes	86	8	9.3	0.31
No	58	2	3.4
Traveled abroad
Yes	84	8	9.5	0.19
No	62	2	3.2
National trips
Yes	107	8	7.5	0.44
No	38	1	2.6
Frequency of eating out of home
Up to 10 times a year	74	7	9.5	0.16
More than 10 times a year	70	2	2.9

Table 3. Bivariate Analysis of a Selection of Behavioral Characteristics of Mennonites and HEV Infection

Characteristic

No. of subjects tested^a

Prevalence of HEV infection

P value

No.

^aSums may not add up to 150 because of missing values. ^bRaising of any kind of animals.

Raising animals^b

Yes

124

6.5

0.64

9.1

Pork meat consumption

Yes

132

6.1

0.24

14.3

Beef consumption

Yes

141

6.4

0.3

Pigeon meat consumption

Yes

10.5

0.29

107

5.6

Duck meat consumption

Yes

9.7

0.44

114

6.1

Degree of meat cooking

Undercooked

12.5

0.44

Well done

136

6.6

Raw cow milk consumption

Yes

8.1

0.74

5.2

Sausages consumption

Yes

138

6.5

0.4

14.3

Ham consumption

Yes

132

6.1

0.22

15.4

Salami consumption

Yes

8.5

0.52

5.8

Unwashed raw fruits

Yes

0.11

113

8.8

Untreated water

Yes

9.3

0.31

3.4

Traveled abroad

Yes

9.5

0.19

3.2

National trips

Yes

107

7.5

0.44

2.6

Frequency of eating out of home

Up to 10 times a year

9.5

0.16

More than 10 times a year

2.9