| Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, ISSN 1918-3003 print, 1918-3011 online, Open Access |
| Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Med Res and Elmer Press Inc |
| Journal website http://www.jocmr.org |
Original Article
Volume 7, Number 1, January 2015, pages 45-51
Prognosis of Hyponatremia in Elderly Patients With Fragility Fractures
Tables
| Participant characteristic | Normonatremic participants | Hyponatremic participants | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| *Other lower limb: all lower limb fractures other than hip fractures. **According to last serum sodium measurement available prior to admission. | |||
| Number (N) | 94 | 33 | |
| Age (years) | |||
| Average (± SD) | 78 (± 8) | 81 (± 7) | 0.083 |
| Range | 65 - 97 | 69 - 98 | |
| Female sex % (N) | 76.6 (72) | 81.8 (27) | 0.078 |
| Previous residence % (N) | |||
| Own home | 85.1 (80) | 78.8 (26) | 0.39 |
| Sheltered housing | 14.9 (14) | 12.1 (4) | |
| Nursing/care home | 0 | 6.1 (2) | |
| Care of the elderly medicine | 0 | 3 (1) | |
| Number of co-morbidities (N) | |||
| Mean (± SD) | 4 (± 2) | 5 (± 3) | 0.222 |
| Range | 0 - 9 | 0 - 11 | |
| Number of medications (N) | |||
| Mean (± SD) | 5 (± 4) | 6 (± 3) | 0.294 |
| Range | 0 - 15 | 0 - 15 | |
| Fracture site % (N) | 0.115 | ||
| Hip | 50 (47) | 57.6 (19) | |
| Hip and upper limb | 1.1 (1) | 0 | |
| Other lower limb* | 24.5 (23) | 15.2 (5) | |
| Other lower limb* and upper limb | 0 | 3 (1) | |
| Upper limb | 21.3 (20) | 15.2 (5) | |
| Pelvic and upper limb | 0 | 0 | |
| Pelvic | 3.2 (3) | 3 (1) | |
| Vertebrae | 0 | 6.1 (2) | |
| Time from fracture to hospital admission (days) | |||
| Median | 0 | 0 | 0.581 |
| Interquartile range | 0 - 1 | 0 - 1.5 | |
| Serum sodium prior to admission (mmol/L) | |||
| Mean (± SD) | 140.4 (2.41) | 136.2 (± 5) | < 0.001 |
| Range | 133 - 145 | 127 - 144 | |
| Serum sodium on admission (mmol/L) | |||
| Mean (± SD) | 139 (± 2.4) | 134 (± 4) | < 0.001 |
| Range | 135 - 146 | 123 - 141 | |
| Prevalence of hyponatremia % (N) | |||
| Prior to admission** | 3.2 (3) | 30.3 (10) | < 0.001 |
| On admission | 0 | 51.5 (17) | < 0.001 |
| Characteristic | Normonatremic participants | Hyponatremic participants | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| OTW: orthopedic trauma ward; GAU: geriatric assessment unit. *Data not obtained: patients still acute hospital inpatients. | |||
| Number (N) | 94 | 33 | |
| Surgical management %(N) | 76.6 (72) | 81.8 (27) | 0.631 |
| Time to surgery from admission (days) | |||
| Mean (± SD) | 1.8 (± 7) | 3 (± 3) | 0.014 |
| Range | 0 - 7 | 0 - 10 | |
| Incidence of hyponatremia developing in hospital % (N) | 0 | 48.5 (16) | < 0.001 |
| Patient deaths % (N) | 4.5 (3) | 12.9 (4) | 0.07 |
| Length of stay in OTW or GAU (days) | |||
| Mean (± SD) | 6.8 (± 4.97) | 10.3 (± 8.4) | 0.006 |
| Range | 0 - 27 | 1 - 45 | |
| Discharge destination % (N) | 0.51 | ||
| Previous residence | 29.8 (28) | 21.2 (7) | |
| Relative’s residence | 4.3 (4) | 0 | |
| Orthopedic rehabilitation | 55.3 (52) | 72.7 (24) | |
| Care of the elderly medicine | 3.2 (3) | 3 (1) | |
| Other medical speciality | 2.1 (2) | 0 | |
| Died in acute hospital or data not obtained* | 5.3 (5) | 3 (1) | |